Monday, December 18, 2017
and again...what is "red mercury" ? "A 15–40% (usually about 30%) solution of tributyl phosphate in kerosene or dodecane is used in the liquid–liquid extraction (solvent extraction) of uranium, plutonium, and thorium from spent uranium nuclear fuel rods dissolved in nitric acid, as part of a nuclear reprocessing process known as PUREX. The shipment of 20 tons of tributyl phosphate to North Korea from China in 2002, coinciding with the resumption of activity at Yongbyon Nuclear Scientific Research Center, was seen by the United States and the International Atomic Energy Agency as cause for concern; that amount was considered sufficient to extract enough material for perhaps three to five potential nuclear weapon"
Let me unmask what "yellowcake " is : "Peroxide products can be dried at ambient temperatures to produce a product containing about 80% U3O8. Ammonium or sodium diuranate products are dried at high temperatures to convert the product to uranium oxide concentrate – U3O8 – about 85% uranium by mass. This is sometimes referred to as yellowcake, though it is usually khaki."
Sunday, December 17, 2017
so, talking about patents and not referring machinery, is a little bit useless
Nano bead mill for repeatable dispersions with high power input
The nano bead mill DISPERMAT® SL-nano is a closed, horizontally operating nano bead mill with a high power input and extremely low clearance volume for circulation and pass procedure. The nano bead mill can be used for wet grinding in laboratory, techniques and the production.
Distinguishing marks of the nano bead mill:
- High grinding stock production due to pneumatic press out system
- Extremely small milling beads from 0.1 – 0.3 mm
again to surgical assassinations , and MEMs explosive : "According to the present invention, a micro-capsulated explosive composition can be easily obtained by micro-capsulating and fixing a dangerous explosive, and therefore the micro-capsulated explosive composition is an epoch-making explosive composition.."
As the explosive liquid compounds to be used for the production of micro-capsules of the present invention, mention may be made of glycerine trinitrate, glycerine dinitrate, ethylene glycol dinitrate, diethylene glycol dinitrate, triethylene glycol dinitrate, trimethylene glycol dinitrate, diglycerine tetranitrate, monochlorohydrin dinitrate, acetylglycerine dinitrate, 1,2,3-butanetriol trinitrate, 2-nitro-2-oxymethyl-1,3-propanediol trinitrate, 2-methyl-2-oxymethyl-1,3-propanediol trinitrate, nitrobenzene, tetranitromethane and the like, and mixtures thereof.
Further, gelatinized products of the above described explosive liquid compounds with gelatinizing agents, such as nitrocellulose and the like, for example, gelatinized products obtained by absorbing glycerine trinitrate, glycerine dinitrate, ethylene glycol dinitrate and the like in nitrocellulose can be used for the production of micro-capsules of the present invention.
As the high molecular weight compounds to be used for the production of micro-capsules of the present invention, mention may be made of thermosetting resins, such as polyurethane, polyurea, epoxy resin and the like, and thermoplastic resins, such as polystyrene, polyvinyl alcohol and the like.
The micro-capsules of the present invention are produced in the following manner. An explosive liquid compound is dispersed in water together with methylcellulose, a surfactant and the like, monomer of a high molecular weight compound, which forms the capsule wall, is added to the dispersed system, and, if necessary, a polymerization initiator or a reactive monomer is added thereto, and the resulting mixture is subjected to a polymerization reaction.
According to the above described method, it is possible to produce micro-capsules containing an explosive liquid compound in an amount as large as about 80-95% by weight.
Saturday, December 16, 2017
wlcome ! making a highly impact insensi- tive form of HMX called Alpha HMX - having an average particle size of 5 microns "HMX, which is known as l,3,5,7-tetranitro-l,3,5,7- tetraazacyclooctane, is the most powerful non-atomic 25 explosive in military use...The special insensitivity of this HMX is due to several factors, each of which must be held in tight tolerance. The particle size must be kept to about 1 to about 5 micron in range, the polymorph must be alpha, and the purity must be very high. To obtain the right poly- morph the amount of nitric acid used must be carefully controlled as too high or too low a dilution could cause the formation of gamma HMX..."
SUMMARY OF INVENTION 65 It is an object of this invention to provide an im- proved process of making HMX which provides both high power, and extreme insensitivity, at a price which The special insensitivity of this HMX is due to several factors, each of which must be held in tight tolerance. The particle size must be kept to about 1 to about 5 micron in range, the polymorph must be alpha, and the purity must be very high. To obtain the right poly- morph the amount of nitric acid used must be carefully controlled as too high or too low a dilution could cause the formation of gamma HMX. Further, the tempera- ture of the reaction must be kept as close to room tem- perature as possible because if the temperature rises above 45 degrees Centigrade, the product again ob- tained is gamma HMX, instead of alpha HMX, the de- sired product. To obtain the right size, the product must be precipitated with great agitation in the manner de- scribed with a high speed mixing turbine at about 15,000 RPM. The purity of the product must be upgraded using the solid phase up-grading techniques hereinafter described. Failure to follow any and all of the steps in the procedure, may seriously compromise, if not pre- vent the establishment of the special property of insensi- tivity to this alpha HMX material. EXAMPLE 1 Nitration of TAT with a mixture of nitric acid and phosphorous pentoxide. 250 grams, within the effective range of 200 to 300 grams, of 98% nitric acid were introduced into a 500 ml. beaker, provided with a thermometer, and a magnetic stirring bar. 70 grams of phosphorous pentoxide were then added in portions over a 30 minute period. The addition was made with stirring via the magnetic stir- ring bar and the rate of addition of the phosphorous pentoxide was dictated by the temperature of the reac- tion mixture, which was not permitted to rise above 35 degrees Centigrade. The reaction mixture was allowed to stir covered by a piece of aluminum foil until the temperature fell to room temperature. 50 grams of TAT were then added in about 4 equal portions at such a rate that the temperature was prevented from rising above 40 degrees Centigrade. The reaction mixture was al- lowed to fall to room temperature, and the stirring bar was removed when all signs of any exothermic action had subsided. The beaker was covered by aluminum foil and allowed to set undisturbed for 16 hours at room temperature. During this time the entire reaction mix- ture sets-up to a cream cheese like consistency. The reaction mixture is discharged directly into the vortex of a room temperature water bath stirred by an L-TEC air turbine mixed, (see U.S. Pat. No. 4,424,677), specifically designed for very high speed mixing and dispersing. The water acts to brake the reaction com- 4 plex, and precipitates the alpha HMX, guaranteeing the formation of extremely small particles (crystals). The solid crude alpha is filtered, and washed with as much cold water as necessary to reach a constant of 7 ph. (This water should be maintained between 10 to 35 degrees Centigrade to prevent any digestion of the size of the crystals. The filtered but damp cake is then dis- persed in 6 to 8 times its mass of agitated boiling water. The total washing time should not exceed 2 minutes in order to prevent size enhancement via digestion. The washed crude HMX, which should have no odor, is METHOD B The quantities and methods as in Example 1 above, however, a water proof container is employed and the mixture is placed in a constant temperature bath at 40 degrees centigrade. The thickness of the paste in the container is limited so as to permit attainment of bath temperature throughout the mixture in a reasonable period of time. If necessary the mixture may be stirred mechanically. Under these conditions the upgrading time is reduced to approximately 4 hours. then filtered hot, and rinsed with cold water. This cur- METHOD C tails crystal digestion before being thoroughly dried. The drying may be simple air drying, or vacuum drying at a temperature near 50 degrees Centigrade. The still crude HMX must now be up-graded in pu- rity before use. This is accomplished by anyone of the following methods. PART 2 The same quantities were used as set forth in Example 1 however, the mixture is fed through a heated screw mixer or feeder for rapid mixing and temperature equili- bration. The temperature may be adjusted upwards to the 70 degree region reducing the reaction time to a matter of minutes. RESULTS METHOD A Purification of the contaminated HMX produced above by trituration with a nitric acid/phosphorous pentoxide mixture. 100 grams of the contaminated HMX are added por- tion wise to 100 grams of nitric acid (about 70 ml.), within the effective range 80 to 120 grams, containing 12.5 grams, which is within effective range 10 to 14 30 grams, of phosphorous pentoxide. The container may be a simple beaker which may be covered with alumi- num foil. The quantity of nitric acid used here may be increased (not above 1 30 grams) for easier mixing of the mixture. The quantity used here has been found to be 35 given about as thick a mixture as is practical. The quan- tity of phosphorous pentoxide may be reduced or in- creased depending for the greater part upon the amount of water originally present in the nitric acid and the amount of SEX present in the sample. The quantities 40 used here have been found to work well over a very wide range of sample purities with initial melting points as low as 230 degrees centigrade. The phosphorous pentoxide should be fully dissolved and contain no solid particles. The nitric acid may be prepared ahead of time 45 and kept as a stock solution. The HMX must be free of DANNO (l,5-diacetyloctahydro-3-nitro-7-nitroso- 1,3,5,7-tetraazocine), since contamination with this The impact values obtained via the “ERL, Type 12 Impact Tester” using a 2 and one half kilogram mass, demonstrated values 5 to 10 times greater than normally achievable with “Class 5 Beta HMX”, and kinetic en- ergy values 10 to 20 times greater than normal, As the following actual data indicates DROP Initiation y = yes, n = no 100 cm drop n 100 cm drop n 100 cm drop n 100 cm drop n 100 cm drop n 100 cm drop n 100 cm drop n 100 cm drop n 100 cm drop n 100 cm drop n 150 cm drop n 150 cm drop n 150 cm drop y 150 cm drop n 150 cm drop n 150 cm drop y 150 cm drop n 150 cm drop y 150 cm drop n 1 50 cm drop y compound can cause dangerous fume-offs. The gradual addition of the HMX to the nitric acid solution is to 50 Do t0 tbe dam age being caused to the test apparatus facilitate the mixing as no exothermic action should by the lar 8 e amount of kinetic energy released from occur. The paste is left for about 16 hours at room tern- sucb S reat dro P heights it was decided to accept the perature, samples may be taken to determine comple- 50% initiation value as being somewhere above 150 cm. tion of the reaction. Reactions have been intentionally ANAT Y
Friday, December 15, 2017
Let's begin with what's beeing worrying nuclear non proliferation people
Magnetized Cylindrial Targets for Heavy Ion Fusion
Cylindrical targets are promising as an alternative approach to heavy ion fusion (HIF)[1], as well as for basic science-oriented experiments in the near future [2]. In my PhD thesis (available as download), I have investigated basic properties of such targets. In difference to spherical heavy ion fusion targets, the cylindrical targets can be driven directly by a single ion beam, while axial magnetic fields (for heat insulation) can be applied to the targets prior to implosions. In cylindrical targets, the magnetic field geometry is consistent with the target; this is the main difference to other approaches to magnetized target fusion [3].
Figure: Schematic view of a magnetized cylindrical target. The target consists of a metallic tube filled with fuel plasma at low density. An axial magnetic field ( indicated by B) is applied externally before the implosion. The driving ion beam then heats the outer part of of the hollow cylinder; it expands radially and drives the inner part of the tube (pusher) towards the axis, as indicated by arrows. A typical size of the targets is approximately 1-3mm in radius and 10-30mm in length.
The most prominent features of magnetized cylindrical fusion targets are:
References:
[1] R.Ramis, J.Honrubia and J.Meyer-ter-Vehn, Hohlraum targets for HIDIF. In C.Labaune, W.Hogan and K.Tanaka (Eds)
Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications, p.88, Elsevier, Paris (1988)
[2] M.M. Basko, Magnetized implosions driven by intense ion beams, Physics of Plasmas 7, 4579 (2000)
[3] Kirkpatrick et al, Magnetized Target Fusion: An Overview, Fusion Technology 27, 201 (1995)
[4] A.Caruso and C.Strangio, The injected entropy approach for the ignition and high targets by heavy ion beams or incoherent x-ray pulses, in C.Labaune, WHogan and K.Tanaka (Eds) ibid.
--> go back to Andreas Kemp's home page
-->go back to the MPQ Theory home page
Figure: Schematic view of a magnetized cylindrical target. The target consists of a metallic tube filled with fuel plasma at low density. An axial magnetic field ( indicated by B) is applied externally before the implosion. The driving ion beam then heats the outer part of of the hollow cylinder; it expands radially and drives the inner part of the tube (pusher) towards the axis, as indicated by arrows. A typical size of the targets is approximately 1-3mm in radius and 10-30mm in length.
The most prominent features of magnetized cylindrical fusion targets are:
- ignition at reduced fuel \rhor,
- relaxed demands on the driver pulse duration and power,
- total energies comparable to standard ICF
References:
[1] R.Ramis, J.Honrubia and J.Meyer-ter-Vehn, Hohlraum targets for HIDIF. In C.Labaune, W.Hogan and K.Tanaka (Eds)
Inertial Fusion Sciences and Applications, p.88, Elsevier, Paris (1988)
[2] M.M. Basko, Magnetized implosions driven by intense ion beams, Physics of Plasmas 7, 4579 (2000)
[3] Kirkpatrick et al, Magnetized Target Fusion: An Overview, Fusion Technology 27, 201 (1995)
[4] A.Caruso and C.Strangio, The injected entropy approach for the ignition and high targets by heavy ion beams or incoherent x-ray pulses, in C.Labaune, WHogan and K.Tanaka (Eds) ibid.
--> go back to Andreas Kemp's home page
-->go back to the MPQ Theory home page
Thursday, December 14, 2017
And ....ops....I love this. Process and apparatus for producing ultrafine explosive particles
EP 0600881 B1
SAMENVATTING (tekst uit WO1993004018A1)
A method and an improved eductor apparatus for producing ultrafine explosive particles is disclosed. The explosive particles, which when incorporated into a binder system, have the ability to propagate in thin sheets, and have very low impact sensitivity and very high propagation sensitivity. A stream of a solution of the explosive dissolved in a solvent is thoroughly mixed with a stream of an inert nonsolvent so as to obtain nonlaminar flow of the streams by applying pressure against the flow of the nonsolvent stream, to thereby diverge the stream as it contacts the explosive solution, and violently agitating the combined stream to rapidly precipitate the explosive particles from the solution in the form of generally spheroidal, ultrafine particles. The two streams are injected coaxially through continuous, concentric orifices of a nozzle into a mixing chamber. Preferably, the nonsolvent stream is injected centrally of the explosive solution stream. The explosive solution stream is injected downstream of and surrounds the nonsolvent solution stream for a substantial distance prior to being ejected into the mixing chamber.
Talking about , octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7 tetrazocine, HMX, organic nitrate explosives, (the importance of organic...here) and the preparation of nano particles, for MEMS explosive...starts here
GIN-PFA Bidirectional Two-way Punch Pin Grinder Grinding Machine Punch Former Lathe Turning Tool
| Price: | $1,749.00 & FREE Shipping https://www.amazon.com/GIN-PFA-Bidirectional-Two-way-Grinder-Grinding/dp/B07422PRXL |
Ordnance that will end major wars. Thank Israel Last night I found the patent for the new munitions that are winning the war in Syria. This ordnance combines a thermobaric or fuel-air explosive and a warhead for generating non-nuclear electromagnetic pulses (EMPs).
http://www.thomaswictor.com/ordnance-that-will-end-major-wars-thank-israel/
US 8434412 B2
RESUMO
A launchable unit including a warhead for generating non-nuclear electro magnetic pulses and a thermobaric warhead without dangerous fragments. The warheads in combination are arranged to operate in different modes dependent on target types and/or objectives with engagement controlled by the aiming and setting of the weapon by a gunner.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)
