Friday, July 14, 2017
Fusing of AP shells in battleship guns & Time of flight input
Fusing of AP shells in battleship guns
Did any one every try fuses which depended on a time-of-flight input ?
It seems to me that if a shell contacts the target toward the end of
its flight, in a plunging trajectory, then it is more likely to
contact the deck armor and plunge through the depth of the ship.
Ideally it would go clean through bottom of the hull and hole the
boat, giving torpedo-like effectiveness. A long delay fuse would be
better for this.
If the shell strikes the ship early in its trajectory, then it is more
likely to strike the side armor. A short delay fuse which sets off the
charge within the guts of the ship would be more useful than a long
delay which allowed the shell to penetrate the width of the ship.
To do this, the shell would have to have two fuses, with the handover
between the two fuses set to occur by elapsed seconds after leaving
the gun.
In fact this was accomplished by using a base fuzed shell which
exploded after a timed period from hitting the armour, This
is much easier to manage that having to set fuze delays continually
as the range changes. The magic bullet for destroying a ship is
not punching a 16" hole in the bottom then setting of a 50lb HE
charge in the water. Its much more effective to penetrate the
magazines and explode there which will completely destroy the
vessel. See Hood, Arizona , Roma etc
High explosive shells were designed to explode on contact
and used a noze fuze with a short delay and were useful against
unarmoured ships and to wreck the upperworks, directors
and radars of an armoured ship.
Apparently the German shells were better at penetration so they must
have haad some more suitable device to the RN's. There again we always
seemed to send out rowing boats out against their battleships.
It is surprising we won, isn't it.
Different fuze type entirely.
Shell fuzes were used a striker and pyrotechnic train and were very
reliable,
slightly higher penetration but this was offset to a great
degree by the better performance of British armour
Hood had thin deck armour that was not adequate to protect against plunging
fire which is why she was trying to close the range when hit.
"I seem to recall the pyrotechnic delay times in the 38 cm naval Bdz 38 was
.035 second. The BdZ 38 eV base fuzes for 20,3cm and 28cm AP and base fuzed
HE could be set to 0 delay, .015 second, or .035 second. There were a number
of base fuzes used in coastal battery ammunition which were marked KV and
these usually had a set .015 delay.
One thing I should add, even when set to 0 delay, there is still a finite
time between impact and fuze action in inertial type base fuzes; the time
delay figures are for the pyrotechnic element only, as far as I know."
Impossible to accurately enough predict, because
until the shell has been fired, the time-of-flight
is varying.
Where, iirc, the AP fuze delay is measured in thousands of a second
While that is certainly true in the context of this
discussion, a time fuse was available for USN and RN
nose-fused battleship projectiles. Navweaps says the USN
ones were intended for AA, actual usage was for AP (from
memory, not Navweaps). Proximity fusing would have made them
obsolescent.
Aside from AA, which would absolutely require it until the development
of proximity fuzes, the only reason for it would be range safety. 'Do
not arm until x seconds after launch' to prevent damage to the ship.
As a premature that would damage the ship seems impossible, I really
doubt they would bother. Everything would be impact fuzed, with a
slight delay for armor piercing rounds.
http://sci.military.naval.narkive.com/zV2JZ5yJ/fusing-of-ap-shells-in-battleship-guns-time-of-flight-input
Did any one every try fuses which depended on a time-of-flight input ?
It seems to me that if a shell contacts the target toward the end of
its flight, in a plunging trajectory, then it is more likely to
contact the deck armor and plunge through the depth of the ship.
Ideally it would go clean through bottom of the hull and hole the
boat, giving torpedo-like effectiveness. A long delay fuse would be
better for this.
If the shell strikes the ship early in its trajectory, then it is more
likely to strike the side armor. A short delay fuse which sets off the
charge within the guts of the ship would be more useful than a long
delay which allowed the shell to penetrate the width of the ship.
To do this, the shell would have to have two fuses, with the handover
between the two fuses set to occur by elapsed seconds after leaving
the gun.
In fact this was accomplished by using a base fuzed shell which
exploded after a timed period from hitting the armour, This
is much easier to manage that having to set fuze delays continually
as the range changes. The magic bullet for destroying a ship is
not punching a 16" hole in the bottom then setting of a 50lb HE
charge in the water. Its much more effective to penetrate the
magazines and explode there which will completely destroy the
vessel. See Hood, Arizona , Roma etc
High explosive shells were designed to explode on contact
and used a noze fuze with a short delay and were useful against
unarmoured ships and to wreck the upperworks, directors
and radars of an armoured ship.
Apparently the German shells were better at penetration so they must
have haad some more suitable device to the RN's. There again we always
seemed to send out rowing boats out against their battleships.
It is surprising we won, isn't it.
Different fuze type entirely.
Shell fuzes were used a striker and pyrotechnic train and were very
reliable,
...
German guns used a higher muzzle velocity which gave them aslightly higher penetration but this was offset to a great
degree by the better performance of British armour
Hood had thin deck armour that was not adequate to protect against plunging
fire which is why she was trying to close the range when hit.
"I seem to recall the pyrotechnic delay times in the 38 cm naval Bdz 38 was
.035 second. The BdZ 38 eV base fuzes for 20,3cm and 28cm AP and base fuzed
HE could be set to 0 delay, .015 second, or .035 second. There were a number
of base fuzes used in coastal battery ammunition which were marked KV and
these usually had a set .015 delay.
One thing I should add, even when set to 0 delay, there is still a finite
time between impact and fuze action in inertial type base fuzes; the time
delay figures are for the pyrotechnic element only, as far as I know."
Post by M***@hotmail.com
Did any one every try fuses which depended on a time-of-flight input ?
I really doubt that anyone tried that.Did any one every try fuses which depended on a time-of-flight input ?
Impossible to accurately enough predict, because
until the shell has been fired, the time-of-flight
is varying.
Where, iirc, the AP fuze delay is measured in thousands of a second
While that is certainly true in the context of this
discussion, a time fuse was available for USN and RN
nose-fused battleship projectiles. Navweaps says the USN
ones were intended for AA, actual usage was for AP (from
memory, not Navweaps). Proximity fusing would have made them
obsolescent.
Aside from AA, which would absolutely require it until the development
of proximity fuzes, the only reason for it would be range safety. 'Do
not arm until x seconds after launch' to prevent damage to the ship.
As a premature that would damage the ship seems impossible, I really
doubt they would bother. Everything would be impact fuzed, with a
slight delay for armor piercing rounds.
http://sci.military.naval.narkive.com/zV2JZ5yJ/fusing-of-ap-shells-in-battleship-guns-time-of-flight-input
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