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Neither checksum nor LRC can be considered robust against message corruption. For example, consider the original message (“48656C6C6F20776F726C6421”); suppose we change the last two bytes of the message from 6421 to 6520. Both the LRC and the checksum remain unchanged! (We simply turned one bit ON in an upstream byte, and turned the same-position bit OFF downstream, creating two changes that cancel each other out at checksum time.)

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How to Calculate LRC, Checksum, and CRC

Checksums of various kinds are commonly used in data communication protocols to allow the recipient of a message to determine, quickly and easily, whether the data is likely to have been corrupted in transit. If you add all the bytes of a message together, and find (neglecting overflow) that the su

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